腸道巨噬細(xì)胞代表了多種的常駐組織巨噬細(xì)胞來源 [1, 2]。腸道常駐巨噬細(xì)胞是一種重要的免疫群體，能夠在其環(huán)境中整合和解釋不同的食物來源、共生來源、病原體來源和宿主來源的信號。此外，在炎癥反應(yīng)下，BM 衍生的腸道巨噬細(xì)胞和常駐巨噬細(xì)胞在控制感染中起關(guān)鍵作用。因此，腸道巨噬細(xì)胞池的動態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)是長期健康的核心[3]。補充健康腸道中常駐池的 BM 衍生巨噬細(xì)胞被確定為 CX3CR1hiMHCIIhiLy6Clow [103]，它們在腸道穩(wěn)態(tài)中具有多種關(guān)鍵功能，包括 Treg 擴增、上皮維持、管腔取樣和細(xì)菌殺滅 [4, 5]。如表 4 所示，腸道和真皮被認(rèn)為是開放組織，具有快速募集和分化骨髓來源的單核細(xì)胞成巨噬細(xì)胞的動力學(xué)。盡管在出生時，腸道中存在胚胎衍生的巨噬細(xì)胞，但這些巨噬細(xì)胞被來自大量 CCR2 依賴性 Ly6Chi 單核細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞所取代[6]。巨噬細(xì)胞上的 IL-10 受體信號傳導(dǎo)是一種對指導(dǎo)胃腸粘膜中巨噬細(xì)胞功能至關(guān)重要的途徑 [7, 8]。
如何研究腸道巨噬細(xì)胞的功能？一個強有力的工具就是清除腸道巨噬細(xì)胞。靶點科技庫存大量LIPOSOMA的ClodronateLiposomes氯膦酸二鈉脂質(zhì)體。作為授權(quán)的中國Exclusive Distributor，無論從產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量還是技術(shù)支持，都能給予從理論到實踐的賦能。
參考文獻
1. Hume D, Gordon S. Mononuclear phagocyte system of the mouse defined by immunohistochemical localization of antigen F4/80. Identification of resident macrophages in renal medullary and cortical interstitium and the juxtaglomerular complex. J Exp Med. 1983;157:1704-9
2. Lee S, Starkey P, Gordon S. Quantitative analysis of total macrophage content in adult mouse tissues. Immunochemical studies with monoclonal antibody F4/80. J Exp Med. 1985;161:475-89
3. Grainger J, Konkel J, Zangerle Murray T, Shaw T. Macrophages in gastrointestinal homeostasis and inflammation. Pflugers Arch. 2017;469:527-539
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5. Hadis U, Wahl B, Schulz O, Hardtke Wolenski M, Schippers A, Wagner N, et al. Intestinal tolerance requires gut homing and expansion of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in the lamina propria. Immunity. 2011;34:237-46
6. Smythies L, Sellers M, Clements R, Mosteller Barnum M, Meng G, Benjamin W, et al. Human intestinal macrophages display profound inflammatory anergy despite avid phagocytic and bacteriocidal activity. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:66-75
7. Bain C, Bravo Blas A, Scott C, Perdiguero E, Geissmann F, Henri S, et al. Constant replenishment from circulating monocytes maintains the macrophage pool in the intestine of adult mice. Nat Immunol. 2014;15:929-937
8. Shouval D, Biswas A, Goettel J, McCann K, Conaway E, Redhu N, et al. Interleukin-10 receptor signaling in innate immune cells regulates mucosal immune tolerance and anti-inflammatory macrophage function. Immunity. 2014;40:706-19
9. Zigmond E, Bernshtein B, Friedlander G, Walker C, Yona S, Kim K, et al. Macrophage-restricted interleukin-10 receptor deficiency, but not IL-10 deficiency, causes severe spontaneous colitis. Immunity. 2014;40:720-33
